This bronze sculpture is currently the only remaining a national treasure

Note that the symmetrical fastening tighten the screws and do not step to gradually put in place in order to maintain equilibrium. Upper and lower mold together installed, you should check ball cage stretched length. Punching dead center position, the ball cage most row of the ball is not exposed to the guide sleeve, close to flush with the face is appropriate.
 loaded punch after punch 2.1.2 load the punch bronze mold assembled in the tool room, if the mold and punch table positioning as the installation base, the mold is first fitted with locating pins and fixed under the slider screws, and then lower and lower, until there are 0.5 ~ 0.8mm gap between the block and mold, the mold with the slider set screw and then loaded on the first hand to tighten the holding into (Jog ) way to slightly raise the punch slider together with the upper mold rack, under the action of 3 to 4 times, then tighten the fixing screws. Since then, the body of this precious bronze sculpture  was missing. For mold and slider positioning as the installation on the basis of the steps above the opposite. Bronze mold installation, the first single-action presses, confirm mold can work properly only after stamping.
 With regard to the cutting process program after the cold stamping bronze mold processing technology improvements 2.2.1 improve a rolled blank (or casting and rolling pressure rough) to heat to forging to into the cold bed breeze (or mist) quench cooling (cooling rate control in 20 to 45 ° C / min) under certain temperature to bainite isothermal transformation 25min air-cooled to 280 ~ 220 ℃ to pit insulation to about to tempering (Note that the control of temperature and time) to buried in sand insulation cooling to sampling. 2.2.2 Improved process program metal mold pressure casting? Into a cold bed breeze (or mist) to quench (cooling rate is controlled at a certain temperature of 20 to 45 ° C / min) to bainite isothermal transformation 25min air-cooled to 280 ~ 220 ℃ to pit insulation to about to tempering (Note that the control of temperature and time) to buried in sand insulation cooling to sample tests. Antique Chinese bronze sculpture : Cattle Zun.
Cold bronze mold main failure form of quality control of cold-working bronze mold the main failure of the form set out failure, wear failure and fatigue failure, typical failure shape are discussed below. 2.3.1 overload failure 2.3.1 overload failure overload failure means the material carrying capacity enough to resist the work load caused by (including about 10% of the random fluctuations in the load) the role of failure, the including toughness inadequate and insufficient strength of two types of failure. This bronze sculpture  is currently the only remaining a national treasure.  Which the failure of brittle fracture toughness insufficient attention should be paid. insufficient material toughness failure no macroscopic signs of such failure and fracture of sudden cold-working bronze mold failure is the most dangerous accidents in the past a result of such failure, there had been personal accident, to the production of safe and economic construction. resulting in great loss. Assembly, the template surface can not be there are dirt, otherwise cause misalignment. Assembly between the template with the two locating pins, two positioning pins to ensure their mutual position, so pay attention to the locating pin into the depth, in order to ensure its effectiveness, the positioning pin cylindrical wear should be replaced. Assembly bronze mold, the first template to fit together at the positioning pin sets together with brass holding or plastic hammer to gently template knocked flat close together, and then tighten the screws first hand screw, then tighten with a spanner. This is the only one existed elephant zun of Grade One among the preserved bronze sculpture . 

The major discovery of the Sanxingdui bronze cultural treasures

A large exhibition hall, had boarded the cable car line not less than the period of time to reach the Museum - Bronze Museum. Cast soil in the first exhibition for the range of pottery shapes vary, not only to silently declare life situation when our ancestors were no tables and chairs, but also we see the prototype of the first Prachuab Yuanyang hotpot ancients smart hands heartily high pride. Jade Pavilion in getting better, we see a lot of beautiful and exotic jade unearthed in Sanxingdui bronzes. The bronze sculpture are magnificent in shape, exquisite in decoration, and skillful in cast. Sanxingdui bronzes, jade, jade unearthed number not only accounts for two-thirds of the number of National jade unearthed at the same time delicate and fine jade work to incredible proportions.
Because it forced people to give birth to a prehistoric civilization is why there is such a well-developed doubts. No wonder many people think that the Sanxingdui bronze culture is alien. The Sanxingdui bronzes, and the Central Plains culture in quite a different, exquisite single, different styles. They will produce the bronze sculpture of good quality. Archaeological finds in the museum, the large Bronze Figure doubt the most famously, one of the greatest treasures of the Sanxingdui bronze, his portrait 172 cm high, base 90 cm and 262 cm high, together with the foot of the side seat or called. Experts believe that he may Ancient Shu Wang Du Yu, but it is also one on the Order of the Emperor that issued the sentiments of the shaman. A large number of bronze human head, grotesque, more evocative. A round eyes convex, wide mouth closed, perforated with big ears, blowing from the endless majesty and mystery.
Some of these Avatar head is a picture-lip, it seems, should have a hat like "superstructure" and get. The top edge also left several reinforcement of holes. Some not only the head packing braids auricle on the left three small round holes. It is too far behind to catch up with by the bronze sculpture abroad.  Stay to wear three earrings? Some wore a "return"-shaped corolla, Cumeitaiyan giant ear of the wide mouth, neck, the bottom cast inverted triangle, with his flat-topped Corolla as compelling. Some head round without hats, hair combed back into the most eye-catching "butterfly-shaped flower hairpin headdress. Also unearthed in the head a gold mask copper flat top of head, their position seems to be superior. Face wearing a gold mask. The gold mask of the eyebrows, eyes hollow part. The two sacrificial pits of Sanxingdui bronze statue unearthed a total of over 100 pieces of gold, gold scepter, gold mask, Golden Tiger, is the example of China's one-time unearthed from the Shang Dynasty the number of gold.Sanxingdui bronzes site is one of the ancient Shu cultural sites dating back 3,000 to 5,000 years ago, Yan Daocheng by the local farmers' spring by accident in 1929 discovered in Sanxingdui bronzes, after thousands of years of vicissitudes brought to light. The summer of 1986, found two large Shang Dynasty burial pits at the site, a variety of precious relics unearthed nearly a thousand pieces, a lot of bronze ritual. The replicas of Chinese bronze sculpture have once been used as national presents. The major discovery of the Sanxingdui bronze cultural treasures, a sensation at home and abroad. Jessica Lawson, the British Museum in London, chief Chinese archaeological expert said: "These findings seems to be more extraordinary than the famous Chinese terracotta warriors and horses."
Sanxingdui bronzes museum was built at the site of Sanxingdui bronzes severance north-east, covers an area of magnificent pavilion consists of two components, a Hall for our display of pottery unearthed in Sanxingdui bronzes, jade.

the production of bronze sculpture is not a easy thing

By analyzing the link between the bronze shape and function, as well as the Sanxingdui bronzes and the Central Plains culture difference and contact the students to observe and analyze. The exploration to produce bronze sculpture has cost a lot of time of ancient Chinese.  April 13, 2007, Qingyang District History Seminar teachers embarked on a journey to explore the ancient Shu civilization go Sanxingdui bronzes, this trip is only spent one day, but the harvest is the full history of sedimentation and The history of shock. Prior to this, Zeng sand training class from Shuter Experimental High School teacher has been in the region on a history of activity classes.
 Students first contact with the Central Plains Bronze Sanxingdui bronzes in the form of bronze Kam Po, and a taste of the differences are in the process of Kam Po preliminary appreciation Sanxingdui bronzes Bronze culture, to cultivate the students thoughts and feelings of love for their hometown and home building understanding of the brilliant Chinese bronze culture, to enhance students' sense of national pride; enthusiasm. These advantages of the bronze sculpture overcome the shortcomings of the stone wares or porcelain. Diversification of Chinese bronze culture of origin, due to the different historical and cultural traditions. In which the natural and geographical differences in the environment, in different parts of the gradual formation of a unique, since a bronze culture. Their mutual influence, mutual exchange, which constitutes an intricate and colorful Chinese bronze statue picture.
Throughout the history of China's Bronze Age we can see, the Xia, Shang and Zhou culture in the original. Cohesion. Xia Dynasty that it accounts for only a section of the middle reaches of the Yellow River, developed to the late Spring and Autumn, already including the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the vast areas of the north and south of the Great Wall. Other districts bronze culture of the motherland, bronze culture of the Central Plains have a strong centripetal force. So after the invention of bronze, the bronze sculpture can be widely used to make tools. More or less affected, while more or less maintained a unique flavor. Sichuan Sanxingdui bronze culture is a strong local characteristics and there is no lack of the typical representative of the Central Plains culture.Chinese bronze culture is a sign of civilization of the Chinese slave society; to understand the basic shape of the various types of bronze and its function; Secretary Mu Wu Ding and other bronze boutique; bronze ritual markers of aristocratic slave owners out or low, and distinguish the levels; bronze inscriptions; bronze smelting method; remains of the ancient Shu civilization - Sanxingdui bronzes; diversification of the origin of Chinese civilization. Interesting form of activity, increase the interest of the students' learning of history. By recognizing the brilliant Chinese bronze culture, to enhance students 'sense of national pride; by recognizing Sanxingdui bronzes Bronze culture, cultivate the thoughts and feelings and enthusiasm of the students' love of home and home building. In conclusion, the production of bronze sculpture is not a easy thing.
Understand the bronze ritual system and its development and changes, and guide students to understand: "The culture is a reflection of certain social relations of production." Appreciate the bronze art to develop students' aesthetic.

Fish Yu Zhang the Sanxingdui chinese bronze culture-specific artifacts

Bronze ornaments have appeared in Henan Yanshi Erlitou subsequently disappeared, and became a short time, a popular and distinctive characteristics of objects, has a special position in the development history of Chinese bronzes and early history of civilization. Only in this way can appreciate and evaluate this noble ferocious beauty of the bronze sculpture. Sanxingdui bronze decorated with Erlitou is very similar, they may have some origins. Sanxingdui bronzes unearthed a total of 40 pieces of brass bell, eagle-shaped, flower-shaped, Animal Face-shaped culmination of change, attractive appearance, and are clapper, striking out the sound; there are a variety of insects shaped copper ornaments, estimated to be hung with bells supporting.
 Sanxingdui bronzes found in copper Ge, unusual shape, length about 20 cm, aid was slender isosceles triangle, serrated on both sides of this jagged Ge is the first time in the country to see. From this Ge was a flake, not with the destruction of this point of view, ritual supplies may be made by the imitation of a similar combat weapons. In the slavery era, they actually were not the subjects of the aesthetic appreciation but the religious ritual bronze sculpture for the sacrifice. This peculiar form of copper Cheung found only in the Sanxingdui bronze, 13.5 cm long. The biggest difference with the general dental Zhang modeling was like Shui fold, it is the body of the hook on one side, perhaps quite rare in the hands of the executive to take the items Sanxingdui bronze sculpture. Gold unearthed in the ruins of Sanxingdui bronzes more than 100 pieces, mostly gold and silver binary alloy, the gold content is generally about 85%, another 15 percent are mostly silver.
 Sanxingdui bronze gold casting process is roughly as follows: the original method of panning alluvial gold, smelting into the alloy melting, made of gold with artificial hammering and rolling, Gympie, gold foil, and use of molding, paste, sculpture , hollow, and other technology. The human head wearing a gold mask is one of the most striking relics of Sanxingdui bronzes. The gold mask hammer Billiton from Gympie, paste it in the bronze human head, eye, eyebrow at the hollow. To the feudal age, there were also the historical facts that the bronze sculpturewas destroyed due to the ferocious figure. Why only 57 bronze human head 4 wearing a gold mask, the performance of different skin color or a different position? Its deep meaning lie? The world's archaeological history of ancient Egypt, ancient Greece have unearthed a gold mask, Sanxingdui bronzes and whether there is any contact between them? The golden scepter, from the burial pits No. 1, a total length of 1.42 m, 2.3 cm in diameter.  Whole objects processing a very high degree of difficulty, just cut a more than two meters long jade material is an unimaginable things. "Fish Yu Zhang the Sanxingdui chinese bronze culture-specific artifacts, the overall shape like a fish named. A great deal of taotie motifs of the bronze sculpture remain the original, na?ve and honest beauty. A lot of fish and bird shape of the objects found in the ruins of Sanxingdui bronzes, this may be and then totem, nature worship, Fish Yu Zhang is closely related to the artifacts and Yufu dynasty. Sanxingdui bronzes, exquisite workmanship, and a wide variety of jade ritual proves Sanxingdui bronzes ancient Shu State no later than in the late Shang Dynasty, already has a more perfect system of religious worship. Agni molten gold - Unit 5 fire molten gold - Sanxingdui bronze smelting found the earliest bronze relics of the Xia Dynasty 4000 years ago, the most glorious period of Chinese bronze culture is the Shang and Zhou dynasties, Sanxingdui bronzes bronzes are a a typical representative of the bronze culture of this period in southwest China.
The medial wall of the unearthed bronze found the remains of mud core, ie within the range, which is enough to prove the Sanxingdui bronzes Fan casting cast molding. This bronze ornaments seemingly ordinary, practical and very extraordinary.

Ancient Sichuan endemic a bronze dragon dagger

The ancients believed that the hemispherical dome, and the idea embodied in the ritual. The inner circle of this foreign Cong, whose main purpose is to Jide. Cong is the typical artifacts of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Liangzhu culture in Sanxingdui bronzes description of the two places there will be some early cultural exchanges. Sanxingdui bronzes and jade more round objects are: Bi, Yuan, ring.
These rather artifacts of the Central Plains and cultural features Sanxingdui bronze culture and the Central Plains and cultural ties have been more closely. These three objects in the most well-known bi, bi in the eyes of the ancients is the symbol of the canopy. "Zhou Li" will be bi as a "six", showing bi belong to one of the most important ritual in the ancient rituals. The bronze sculptureof this time still retains a certain real childishness. Is the largest nationwide found body Shek Pik, its diameter of 70 cm, 7 cm thick, weighing pounds more than the shape of the lid side of the wells, Shek Pik on the obvious traces of drill pipe. Shek Pik, the large diameter of more than 10 cm, the small diameter of only 23 cm, unearthed in the pit from largest to smallest overlay, such as stalagmites, a symbol of the group Luan peaks, there may be a Babel meaning.
The archaeologists found some spinning wheel of life such tools is taken down from the middle of the Shek Pik Shek core processing, can be described as the best use. "Zhang the Sanxingdui bronzes and a jade, Yu Zhang of the Sanxingdui bronzes into side Chang and teeth Zhang, front-end called teeth Zhang points teeth to split the bevel flat called the edge Cheung. In this case, the bronze sculpturesends out a non-reproductive and unattainable beautiful style. This teeth Zhang, choice of materials, the whole body glossy black, and 90.8 cm long, 5 mm thick, the edge part of the thin but sharp as new, the bottom on both sides of the shank fine processing of multi-toothed of Fei edges and openwork pattern , dignified and elegant. It is found that the country's largest Zhang residue length 1.59 m, estimated original length more than two meters at both ends engraved with exquisite decoration, flowing lines, fine hair. The etiquette of jade weapons, tools are an important feature of the Sanxingdui bronze jade culture. Yu Jian despite this forward a torn still precious. Ancient Sichuan endemic a bronze dragon dagger because of the shape of willow called "willow sword." The past, people have always thought that popular late times, derived from other regions, Yu Jian The Sanxingdui bronzes unearthed to prove that willow sword most likely originated in the Shu. The mix of superman’s mysterious history and the concept of the primitive religion lead the bronze sculpture to exude a serious atmosphere of fate. Now, some scholars have proposed a novel insight: that the willow sword called for many years, but it is the correct name should be called "bamboo sword". In fairness, the shape of this sword of view, than the willow like bamboo leaves, look at the Sichuan region and over the lush bamboo forest, and perhaps Ancient Shu Kingdom made this sword is modeled after the look of bamboo leaves made of. Sanxingdui bronze jade ritual which the number of Ge and Zhang (zhāng).
 "Ge" is a weapon, but the production of these jade Ge, fine processing, the body is very thin, do not have the lethal blade unearthed complete, as new, no traces of use, should be used for ceremonial artifacts in religious rituals or performing activities and growth momentum, while worshiping their ancestors, and calls upon the activities of the gods come for the evil town of magic. The characteristic of this era have been deeply cast into every decoration of thebronze sculpture.

The decoration on the bronze sculpture of Shang embodied the ferocious beauty

Chinese Dragon is the most auspicious and most sacred decoration used on the bronze sculpture . Then, transfer to the rear area of some scholars, to suddenly see before and after many Warring States from Sichuan Bashu bronze, there is a strong own characteristics, Bashu Culture proposition. On Prachuab remains a formal excavation, only the 1934 a small-scale work, Prachuab cultural understanding, the main products from the diaspora have seen some bronze (especially copper weapons) to get. Since the late 1970s until the 20th century, in order to cope with the coming of the Three Gorges Dam construction, have done a lot of archaeological work in the Xiling Gorge, Yangtze River.
It discovered the remains of a series of early Palestinians, and then excavated Sanxingdui bronzes in the Chengdu Plain twelve bridges early Shu cultural remains, and finally to confirm the equivalent of three generations of the early Shu culture and early buses culture. Sanxingdui bronzes site area is the ancient Shu ancient capital site area of the region, according to the excavation report from May 1980 to May 1981, no less than 40,000 square meters, which will not be a general village sites. The decoration on the bronze sculpture of Shang embodied the ferocious beauty. The so-called Sanxingdui bronzes, such as rammed earth walls at the corner of ruins. An ancient city Nishigaki, Beiyuan and Higashigaki of rammed earth ruins. Sanxingdui bronzes seems to its southwest corner. 1934 University of Love West Museum excavation sites Moon Bay, the northern part of the city. With the advances in modern business, the simulation arts and crafts of the Sanxingdui bronzes Museum near everything. Sanxingdui bronzes created and broke the world record, the Chinese record, including a number of records selected Chinese Association of World Records world, China the most. We may want to learn to appreciate the culture of the bronze sculpture . The world's oldest tree with the highest bronze sacred tree. 384 cm high, branches three clusters, each cluster three, nine, 27 fruit and nine birds on the tree side edge of the tree of a dragon winding down. With inferred may be the ancient myths and legends of the hibiscus tree. The world's first golden scepter. 142 cm long, 2.3 cm in diameter and weighs more than 700 grams, a carved head, Ichthyornis ornamentation.
The world's largest and most complete bronze stand portrait. Through 262 cm high, weighing over 180 kilograms, is known as the bronze statue of the king. The world's largest the bronze Zongmu portrait. 64.5 cm high and 138.5 cm apart between the ears. The world on a one-time unearthed the largest bronze heads, masks. Decoration on bronze sculpture has a strong taste, but also has some deep symbolic meaning.  More than 50 pieces. To determine the early Shu culture and early Palestinian cultural position. Chinese ancient Shu culture and Pakistani culture, geographical distribution are different, but adjacent to each other, and its cultural landscape a difference, there is a lot of similarities. In other words, the early Shu culture and Pakistani culture has its own characteristic, and other archaeological cultures of the same period as compared to their commonality is very prominent, two designated a cultural circle (area).
 Shu culture and Pakistani culture is two small culture within the cultural circle (area). The ruins of Sanxingdui bronzes as early as 1929 found that 1934 has been excavated, but the name of Ba-Shu culture in archeology, have as late as the Anti-Japanese War.

the decoration of the bronze dragon equals to an emotional language of people in the Shang society

The bronze sculpture are the fruits of the hard-working Chinese people. This "alkali stone, of frying the salt. Land Gang halogen, not grain." Until modern times, this place is still a severe iodine deficiency, Graves disease endemic areas. We know that an important feature of the hyperthyroid patients, the eyes protruding. Therefore, the Shu Wang Cancong is may be a severe hyperthyroid patients, during his lifetime eyes extra bulge. The when in shaping Cancong statue, his descendants, to seize this feature and "deification", which is Shu Wang Cong statue has been portrayed as the reason of the Zongmu.384 cm high bronze sacred tree, a tree nine branches stand the habitat of birds, hook hanging branches under fruit tree trunk next to a dragon aid tree down, very vivid, mysterious of the ancient myth of hibiscus image reflected the a. Sanxingdui bronzes characterized by a large number of figures, birds, beasts, Chongyi, plant shape. Therefore, the decoration of the bronze dragon equals to an emotional language of people in the Shang society, reflects the spirit, pursuit and ideas of the Shang people. Bronze heads, the faces of the people like and human mask on behalf of worship of ancestral spirits; bronze the legislation portrait and Kneeling Figure on behalf of the ritual prayer and presided over the ritual; eyes protruding forward bronze animal masks and flat bronze Animal mask, etc. may Shu worship of natural gods; imitation plants in the shape of the characteristics of the bronze sacred tree, which reflects the religious consciousness of the Shu plant worship. Ancestor worship and the animals, plants and other natural gods worship as the main religious concepts, which is the spiritual world of the early Shu main.
Two pit unearthed bronzes, in addition to bronze container with Central Plains Shang culture and style of the bronze culture of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, the remaining types of artifacts and shape have a very strong local characteristics, they unearthed the first time to show the world the Shang Dynasty highly developed and stylized look of the late Shu bronze civilization. The use of bird pattern on the bronze sculpture is especially pronounced. It is worth noting: the relics of the "eyes" not only a large number of bronze relics unearthed in Sanxingdui, performance, and these relics rare, exotic, such as a mask, the eye is extremely exaggerated, pupil part of the cylindrical columnar protrusion, long up to 16.5 cm. Again so sudden mesh copper mask, eyes prominent cylinder 9 cm long.
 In addition, there are dozens of pairs of eye-shaped copper ornaments, including the diamond-shaped, hook-shaped cloud, round bubble-shaped, so many forms, surrounding both mortise holes, can be assembled or separate suspension lift Bong, showing the unique eye attention. Why the ancient Shu people attach so much importance to portray the eyes? Why copper mask eye pupil section for cylindrical? Zhou people preferred this type of patterns to be on the bronze sculpture . It turned out that the worship of ancestors of the ancient Shu people. As mentioned earlier, Huayang "reads:" Shu Hou Cancong, the head vertical, before the king "burial" Zongmu mound. According to scholars, the so-called "Zongmu, which means a cylindrical bulge in the eyes of this copper mask, unearthed in Sanxingdui bronzes sudden mesh copper mask, it is the ancient statues of King Shu Cong. According to historical records, Shu Wang Cong originally living in Sichuan, northwest the Minshan upstream of the Munsan County.